• The absence of the LIG gene in

  2019-07-11

  

  The absence of the LIG3 gene in yeasts has prevented the use of genetically tractable lower eukaryotes, such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe, as models to gain insights into the cellular functions of and interplay between the DNA ligases encoded by the LIG1, LIG3 and LIG4 g

• It is of interest that an

  2019-07-11

  

  It is of interest that an initial maternal experience in virgin mice produces both changes in subsequent maternal behavior as well as possible changes in neural gene expression. Stolzenberg et al. (2012) proposed that experience-based changes in maternal responsiveness may be mediated by chromatin m

• Data on optimal hormone formulations routes

  2019-07-11

  

  Data on optimal hormone formulations, routes of administration, doses and duration of hormone use in young women with POF are lacking (Box 1). Transdermal Cinacalcet HCl weight administration, which avoids the first-pass hepatic circulation and the increase in inflammatory markers such as C-reactive

• Acknowledgments br Introduction Steroidogenesis the process

  2019-07-11

  

  Acknowledgments Introduction Steroidogenesis, the process of testosterone synthesis, occurs in the adrenal cortex, testis and ovary, and it is controlled by luteinizing hormone (LH), which is synthesized and secreted from the pituitary (Hanukoglu, 1992, Payne and Youngblood, 1995). In the testis

• Although the mechanisms underlying the

  2019-07-11

  

  Although the mechanisms underlying the EP4-mediated increase in the frequency of mEPSCs via PGE2 remain unclear, mechanisms similar to those driven by EP2 may be involved because activation of both these receptor subtypes increases the intracellular concentration of cAMP (Nishigaki et al., 1995, Sug

• The glycolytic pathway is a catabolic

  2019-07-11

  

  The glycolytic pathway is a catabolic route that ends with the synthesis of pyruvate (Pyr). In Arabidopsis embryos, the conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to Pyr, catalyzed by pyruvate kinase (PK), is mainly located in the plastids [10], [11]. The preceding reaction is catalyzed by enolase (ENO

• br Regulation of cadherin switching The downregulation

  2019-07-11

  

  Regulation of cadherin switching The downregulation of E-cadherin during cadherin switching is induced by multiple mechanisms, including methylation of the E-cadherin promoter and signaling pathways that activate E-cadherin-suppressing transcription factors [[61], [62], [63]]. During the progress

• br Material and methods br Results br Discussion The

  2019-07-11

  

  Material and methods Results Discussion The results show for the first time that DDRs may be involved in the pathogenic mechanisms of neurodegenerative diseases. We found that DDR1 and DDR2 levels are up-regulated in post-mortem AD and PD brains, suggesting that these receptors play a role

• Although several genomic technologies including the generati

  2019-07-10

  

  Although several genomic technologies, including the generation of ERRγ-specific knockout mice, have revealed that ERRγ plays a pivotal role in cellular bioenergetics [1], its involvement in other metabolic pathways has been appreciated only recently. Therefore, we highlight recent findings on the r

• nk1 receptor antagonist br Development of a liquid chromatog

  2019-07-10

  

  Development of a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method to improve detection of PA species detection Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) is a powerful tool to detect different molecular species of phospholipids in nk1 receptor antagonist (Houjou et al., 2005, Pulfer and Murph

• br Results and Discussion br Conclusions Understanding the c

  2019-07-10

  

  Results and Discussion Conclusions Understanding the connections between function and fitness is a primary goal of many biological disciplines including systems biology and molecular evolution. While sound approaches have been developed to understand the connections between function and fitnes

• br Rationale and Conventional Use of Alkylating

  2019-07-10

  

  Rationale and Conventional Use of Alkylating Agents and Platinum Derivatives in Clinical Practice After the attack on Bari Harbor in 1943 revealed the effects of mustard gas on bone marrow depletion and the first therapeutic outcomes in lymphoma, alkylating agents gradually became a gold standard

• br Diacylglycerol kinases and T cell responses br

  2019-07-10

  

  Diacylglycerol kinases and T cell responses Diacylglycerol kinases and cancer Several studies implicate DGKα in tumor progression, but its function is debated, as it might also have roles as a tumor suppressor. Diminished DGKα expression is linked to malignant transformation in epithelia. High

• Resistance to SP is linked to point mutations that

  2019-07-10

  

  Resistance to SP is linked to point mutations that accumulate at several sites in the dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) and dihydropteroate synthase (dhps) Benzoquinonium dibromide of P. falciparum (Roper et al., 2003). These mutations have been identified in codons 16, 51, 59, 108, and 164 in the dhf

• Although many neurotransmitters e g

  2019-07-10

  

  Although many neurotransmitters (e.g., catecholamines, serotonin, and excitatory/inhibitory amino acids) have been implicated in the modulation of anxiety-like responses (Carobrez et al., 2001, Molchanov and Guimaraes, 2002, Vianna et al., 2001), the so-called atypical neurotransmitters, endocannabi

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