• The results of cell culture models were further supported

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  The results of cell culture models were further supported by in vivo studies in mice treated with PXR and/or AhR agonists, PCN and β-NF. In these mice, AhR-regulated cyp1a1, and cyp1a2 were suppressed by PXR activation as determined by real time Q-PCR (Fig. 3). The level of PXR mRNA was not changed

• Interestingly our transgenic mouse model with

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  Interestingly, our transgenic mouse model with macrophages expressing AdipoR1 showed not only improved insulin sensitivity and inflammation in skeletal muscle and adipose tissues, but fat mass, macrophage and plasma lipid accumulation and foam cell formation was also favorably reduced resulting from

• br Acknowledgments This work was supported by Grant in aid

  2025-03-03

  

  Acknowledgments This work was supported by Grant-in-aid for Scientific Research (S) (20229008) (to T.K.), Targeted Proteins Research Program (to T.K.), the Global COE Research Program (to T.K.) and Translational Systems Biology and Medicine Initiative (to T.K.) from the Ministry of Education, Cul

• Regarding A Rs and A ARs basal

  2025-03-03

  

  Regarding A1Rs and A2ARs, basal conditions generate a low tone of endogenous adenosine and cause A1R activation, in contrast to situations of increased adenosine where A2AR activation becomes dominant. When adenosine concentrations rise, e.g. during hypoxia, also time appears likely important in reg

• plant-derived flavonoid AMPK modulates changes in lipid meta

  2025-03-03

  

  AMPK modulates changes in lipid metabolism via the regulation of fatty plant-derived flavonoid oxidation and cholesterol synthesis in the liver. The key enzymes involved include ACC and HMGCR [27,28]. Both participate in the rate-limiting steps of fatty acids and cholesterol synthesis and are inacti

• The difference in the mean values of serum ADA in

  2025-03-03

  

  The difference in the mean values of serum ADA in sputum positive PTB and controls was found to be highly significant (P levels were measured at the start of treatment and again after completion of IP in PTB patients. The fall in the levels of serum ADA was found to be statistically significant in b

• Patients with ADA SCID may experience autoimmune AEs after

  2025-03-03

  

  Patients with ADA-SCID may experience autoimmune AEs after SCT (and/or during ERT) that are thought to be related to immune dysregulation prior to achieving complete immune reconstitution. The more common autoimmune manifestations include hemolytic anemia, hypothyroidism, and immune thrombocytopenia

• Both subcutaneous s c and mucosal administration of s

  2025-03-03

  

  Both subcutaneous (s.c.) and mucosal administration of short synthetic peptide derivatives of AChR prevent the onset of EAMG, but do not treat ongoing EAMG [80], [81], [82], [83], [84], [85]. The selection of peptides for treatment is mainly based on the identification of immunodominant T- and B-cel

• Through activation of the CD GOPC pathway attenuated vaccina

  2025-03-03

  

  Through activation of the CD46–GOPC pathway, attenuated/vaccinal MeVs rapidly induce a transient phase of autophagy which then diminishes with no signs of negative regulation and precedes a second autophagy phase related to viral protein synthesis [115]. In sharp contrast, virulent MeVs do not inter

• orexins Herbal medicines have been used to treat various typ

  2025-03-01

  

  Herbal medicines have been used to treat various types of diseases and disorders for thousands of years worldwide (Li and Brown, 2009). Natural products have been the remedy of cancer chemotherapy for the past several decades. Anisomeles indica (L.) Kuntze. (Labiatae), commonly known as 'yu-chen-tsa

• br Materials and methods br

  2025-03-01

  

  Materials and methods Results and discussion During recent years, recombinant ASK1 has been obtained by expensive baculovirus-insect cell G-36 systems [20], [27]. In the present study, we constructed recombinant ASK1 and expressed in active form at high level in E. coli. Human ASK1 catalytic

• br Metabolic effects of apelin in obesity and type

  2025-03-01

  

  Metabolic effects of apelin in obesity and type 2 diabetes Mice fed a high fat diet (HFD) for several weeks become obese, hyperglycemic, hyperinsulinemic and insulin resistant. Acute apelin treatment by intravenous injection or by infusion during a hyperinsulinemic–euglycemic clamp in obese and i

• br Experimental and computation Standard samples of

  2025-03-01

  

  Experimental and computation Standard samples of artemisinin (1) and artemether (2) were purchased from China National Institutes for Food and Drug Control. Their ECD spectra, at a concentration of 1.0–5.0mg/mL in ethanol, were recorded in a quartz cuvette of 1mm optical path length using a Jasco

• For the derivatives a c another

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  For the derivatives 3a–3c, another likely explanation for antifungal properties is that polymers bearing primary amine groups and secondary phosphoryl groups formed, enhancing complexation with the phosphate groups, and the complexes are amphiphilic (Palermo, Lee, Ramamoorthy, & Kuroda, 2011). The a

• Other reports however have indicated that all

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  Other reports, however, have indicated that all components of RAS are produced within the central nervous system (CNS) (Saavedra, 2005). Thus, AGTR1 and AGTR2 in circumventricular organs and in cerebrovascular endothelial cells may respond to circulating ANG2 of peripheral origin, whereas neural rec

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